The idea is to help other researchers determine how far aerosols will travel by measuring the exit flow speed. Then they combined these two measurements to develop a simple equation to describe aerosol dispersion, in which the aerosol speed decays with distance from the instrument. They also measured aerosol concentration from wind instruments with a particle counter. The researchers used visualization to characterize the flow and then tracked fog particles in the air with a laser. "Ideally, musicians would sit near one another to compose the best sound, but such an arrangement became an issue during the COVID pandemic," said author Paulo Arratia, of the University of Pennsylvania. In Physics of Fluids, by AIP Publishing, researchers from the University of Pennsylvania worked with musicians from the Philadelphia Orchestra to deepen our understanding of how much aerosol is produced and dispersed by wind instruments. Contamination is a chief concern: specifically, whether wind instruments are vectors of contamination through aerosol dispersion.
Orchestral ensembles have faced a particular challenge. They also adapted their repertoire to promote pieces featuring strings and made significant changes in the number of musicians and their positions in the auditorium. When they started performing again, many groups resorted to performing with remote or limited crowds. WASHINGTON, Aug– During the COVID-19 pandemic, many live musical events and festivals were postponed and even canceled to protect musicians and audience members. The image shows a member of The Philadelphia Orchestra, Carol Jantsch, principal tuba player, who took part in the study on aerosol dispersion from musical wind instruments. Image: Visualization of flow emanating from a tuba using the laser sheet technique.
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